By Marco Adda

A multidisciplinary avenue

In the realm of Canine Anthropology (Free Download), a discipline echoing Theatre Anthropology's exploration of pre-expressive human behaviors in a context of representation, we delve into the intricate dynamics of human-canine interactions. This field directs our attention to the psychophysical and kinesthetic foundations underlying these connections. Rather than focusing on training dogs, Canine Anthropology emphasizes understanding and utilizing our bodymind in the presence of a dog.

The crux lies in the nuanced elements of our behavior: the quality of our movement, distribution of weight, tone of voice, and the intentions expressed in each action. Dogs, in this context, become keen observers of our actions, rendering the need for explicit commands obsolete. Instead, the meaning emerges organically from the interplay of our behavior and the dog's presence.

This approach recognizes the historical roots of dogs' opportunistic connection to humans, dating back to the early days of domestication. Canine Anthropology bestows phenomenological significance upon the human-dog interaction, where dogs serve as witnesses and influencers of human behavior. Roles within the dynamic can flip, transforming dogs from followers to leaders and spectators to actors. This transformative process, termed Role-flipping, unfolds as dogs manifest their full potential, revealing themselves as initiators of action and meaning.

As a result, humans are invited into an empathetic state of listening rather than seeking obedience or resorting to punishment, relinquishing the assumption of knowing everything. This mutual progression shapes a profound connection where humans, as receivers, learn and undergo transformation through their interactions with dogs.

Paradigm Shift

In a recent interview - by Marc Bekoff on Psychology Today, I further explained how the “dog learning agenda,” including the various Sits, Stays, Comes, Waits, etcetera – even when asked “gently,” is still based on established behaviors for the dog, which limit the emergence of other and new forms of expression and communication with dogs, as for example we can easily observe in free-ranging dogs. Starting in the late 1990s, fundamental studies have shown that dogs have unique abilities to read human-given communicative signals and are, for example, sensitive to a human perspective. Due to their connection to humans and cognitive similarities, dogs today represent more reliable models – compared to some primates, for understanding human social behavior.

Further, attachment theory, initially developed in human relationships by psychologists John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth, holds relevance in understanding the dynamics of the human-canine bond. There is a growing understanding - and evidence, about dogs being emotional partners who form deep, attachment-based connections. Like human infants seeking proximity and security from their caregivers, dogs display attachment behaviors, relying on their humans for comfort, safety, and a sense of security. When dogs feel secure in their attachment, they are likelier to exhibit positive behaviors and less likely to display anxiety or distress. The reverse is also true for humans to develop attachment-based connections with their canines (and other animals).

Reciprocity is vital. Human and canine psychologies intertwine and expand into an intricate and continuous exchange. Positive, force-free training methods may align with attachment theory. We can foster security and a reliable bond by facilitating a relationship built on trust, mutual respect, and compassion. Both dogs and humans thrive in an environment where positive interactions and a sense of safety prevail.

Human-canine families

I understand that addressing the needs of the dog often involves supporting the entire family system. Dogs, in this sense, may manifest behavioral issues as a response to underlying familial dynamics. Therefore, assisting a dog effectively requires a holistic approach that considers the broader family context, acknowledging the interconnectedness between human and canine members. This perspective allows for a more nuanced understanding and comprehensive support system to address both the observable behaviors of the dog and the underlying family dynamics contributing to those behaviors.

Canine Participated Somatic Experiencing

In the realm of Canine Anthropology, the introduction of Canine Participated Somatic Experiencing marks a groundbreaking development in multispecies somatic practice. This approach prioritizes creating an environment where dogs can express their natural behaviors, allowing humans to re-learn a balanced and instinctive way to interact with them. The core of this practice lies in fostering mutual understanding, empathy, agency, and freedom of choice in the human-dog relationship.

Canine Participated Somatic Experiencing is not just a method; it represents a transformative experience that rewires human-dog communication. By allowing dogs to be themselves and encouraging humans to engage in a more balanced and natural interaction, this approach nurtures a deeper connection based on respect and understanding. Ultimately, it promotes a positive and harmonious bond between dogs and their human companions, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and respecting the autonomy and well-being of both species.

Final note

Dogs serve as mirrors, reflecting both our individual and collective selves. By observing and understanding them, we gain insights into our own behaviors, preferences, and emotions. This reciprocal relationship enriches the human-canine connection, creating a harmonious environment where both parties thrive.

Gratitude

In the realm of dog behavior and training, diverse perspectives and methodologies abound, sparking ongoing debates about the most effective approaches. Amidst this sea of opinions, I consider myself fortunate to engage in an enriching dialogue with a select group of colleagues and friends. Together, we collectively strive to embrace a holistic approach to the world of canine behavior, each person contributing their unique insights and characteristics to the conversation.

It is with gratitude that I wish to acknowledge and highlight some individuals and approaches. Their diverse viewpoints, experiences, and distinctive qualities contribute to the depth of our discussions and serve as a wellspring of inspiration.

Thanks to the universe, the list is long. I want to mention here a few: Roman Gottfried’s Holistic Dog Training, Linda Michaels' Do No Harm Dog Training, Michael Overlie's Savetwo, Billie Groom's Upward Dogology, Dale McLelland's and Lisa Hird's Without Worry Canine Education, Claudia Fugazza's Do as I do, Angelo Vaira's ThinkDog, Mike Shikashio's Aggressive Dog, Sindhoor Pangal's work, among others.

Some amazing scholars and friends are also always on my horizon, including Marc Bekoff, Adam Miklosi, Brian Hare, Alina Rusu, and Irina Ada, among others.